Islam: the Muslim religion, based on belief in one God and revealed through Muhammad as the Prophet of Allah
Kingdom: an area controlled by a particular person or where a particular thing or idea is important
Manuscript: a copy of a book, piece of music, etc. before it has been printed
Mecca: a city in Saudi Arabia that is the holiest city of Islam, being the place where the Prophet Muhammad was born
Mosque: a building in which Muslims worship
Pilgrimage: a journey to a holy place for religious reasons
Scholar: a person who knows a lot about a particular subject because they have studied it in detail
Slave: a person who is owned by another person and is forced to work for them
Trade: the activity of buying and selling or of exchanging goods or services between people or countries
Trans-Saharan: Across the Saharan desert
World Heritage Site: a natural or man-made place that is recognized as having great international importance and is therefore protected